Mai jos, ideile mele despre un fragment din „The Brothers Karamazov” by Fyodor Dostoevsky.
Observațiile mele sunt așa:
#1 Din ce știu, oamenii mai săraci sunt mai dispuși să ajute, probabil pentru că știu pe pielea lor ce înseamnă să nu ai cele necesare, poți empatiza cu asta:
„Using this measure another global study, this time measuring over 40,000 people in 67 countries, found that those who perceived themselves to be lower on the ladder scale gave more in a hypothetical donation task. So lower subjective wealth predicted greater generosity. ”
#2 Pe de altă parte, e important că în discursul prezentat ajutorul dat altora e benevol: „and all will suddenly understand how unnaturally they are separated from one another”.
Ideea socialismului, de a ajuta alți oameni e grozavă, dar în general nu e benevolă. În mod forțat ți se iau niște resurse, și tot în mod forțat alții le primesc.
Cred că ideea prezentată e o formă de capitalism convertit benevol la socialism.
#3 Și eu sper să se întâmple ideea lui FD, dar cred că suntem într-o dilemă a prizonierului:
„Loyalty to one’s partner is, in this game, irrational. This particular assumption of rationality implies that the only possible outcome for two purely rational prisoners is betrayal, even though mutual cooperation would yield a greater net reward.”
Dacă toată lumea ar dori binele celuilalt, lumea ar fi mai bună pentru toți, dar interesul individual e ca orice om să se comporte rău față de ceilalți, pentru că individual câștigă mai mult.
„Heaven,” he went on, „lies hidden within all of us – here it lies hidden in me now, and if I will it, it will be revealed to me to-morrow and for all time.”
I looked at him; he was speaking with great emotion and gazing mysteriously at me, as if he were questioning me.
„And that we are all responsible to all for all, apart from our own sins, you were quite right in thinking that, and it is wonderful how you could comprehend it in all its significance at once. And in very truth, so soon as men understand that, the Kingdom of Heaven will be for them not a dream, but a living reality.”
„And when,” I cried out to him bitterly, „when will that come to pass? and will it ever come to pass? Is not it simply a dream of ours?”
„What then, you don’t believe it,” he said. „You preach it and don’t believe it yourself. Believe me, this dream, as you call it, will come to pass without doubt; it will come, but not now, for every process has its law. It’s a spiritual, psychological process. To transform the world, to recreate it afresh, men must turn into another path psychologically. Until you have become really, in actual fact, a brother to everyone, brotherhood will not come to pass. No sort of scientific teaching, no kind of common interest, will ever teach men to share property and privileges with equal consideration for all. Everyone will think his share too small and they will be always envying, complaining and attacking one another. You ask when it will come to pass; it will come to pass, but first we have to go though the period of isolation.”
„What do you mean by isolation?” I asked him.
„Why, the isolation that prevails everywhere, above all in our age – it has not fully developed, it has not reached its limit yet. For everyone strives to keep his individuality as apart as possible, wishes to secure the greatest possible fullness of life for himself; but meantime all his efforts result not in attaining fullness of life but self-destruction, for instead of self-realisation he ends by arriving at complete solitude. All mankind in our age have split up into units, they all keep apart, each in his own groove; each one holds aloof, hides himself and hides what he has, from the rest, and he ends by being repelled by others and repelling them. He heaps up riches by himself and thinks, ‘How strong I am now and how secure,’ and in his madness he does not understand that the more he heaps up, the more he sinks into self-destructive impotence. For he is accustomed to rely upon himself alone and to cut himself off from the whole; he has trained himself not to believe in the help of others, in men and in humanity, and only trembles for fear he should lose his money and the privileges that he has won for himself. Everywhere in these days men have, in their mockery, ceased to understand that the true security is to be found in social solidarity rather than in isolated individual effort. But this terrible individualism must inevitably have an end, and all will suddenly understand how unnaturally they are separated from one another. It will be the spirit of the time, and people will marvel that they have sat so long in darkness without seeing the light. And then the sign of the Son of Man will be seen in the heavens…. But, until then, we must keep the banner flying. Sometimes even if he has to do it alone, and his conduct seems to be crazy, a man must set an example, and so draw men’s souls out of their solitude, and spur them to some act of brotherly love, that the great idea may not die.”
