Abbreviations used in this document
- FDI – foreign direct investment.
- GDP – gross domestic product.
- GNP – gross national product.
- IMF – International Monetary Fund.
- KRU – Kazakhstan, Russia, and Ukraine.
- PPP – public-private partnership.
- SSR – Soviet Socialist Republic.
- UK – United Kingdom.
1. Introduction – the aim of this essay
By writing this essay, we (the author, Olivian-Claudiu Breda) tried to better understand Kazakhstan and its people, the Kazakhs, by doing some documentation work on the country. We looked at sources of information in English, primarily books, but a few websites and scientific articles, also.
With the data we gathered, the next aim was to see if the reforms and objectives that happened after 1990 were solid enough so that the country could develop quickly but in a sustainable way. But how could the country develop if, first, the people that are part of it don’t have a mental model of success?
We tried to find out if Kazakhstan sets a high-enough target that its mental model of success helps it and will help, in the future, be successful.
We selected below some of the findings from various sources. We tried our best to create a united view of the story.